Complex abstracts
Synopsis of educational activities of children with adults
in the senior group o.o. "Knowledge", "Communication"
"Journey to the World of Objects"
Marfina Olga Nikolaevna, teacher
d / s No. 63 Angarsk, Irkutsk region
Subject: Subject world.
Target: Expand ideas about the objects of the man-made world.
Educational tasks:
- To consolidate the ability of children to group objects according to their intended purpose: dishes, tools, equipment, objects for art.
- Deepen children's knowledge about the history of household appliances: vacuum cleaner, iron.
- Teach children to navigate past and present objects.
- To teach in the course of experimentation to identify the properties and qualities of the metal; create an algorithm for describing the material.
- Continue learning to compose coherent story through a series of pictures.
Development tasks:
- To develop the ability of free communication between adults and children.
- Develop cognitive activity, interest in the objects of the man-made world.
- Strengthen the ability to establish causal - investigative links between the properties and qualities of the material and the method of use.
Educational tasks: Bring up careful attitude to the objects of the man-made world.
Preliminary work:
- Reading works of art.
- Making riddles about objects.
- D \ games "What first, what then", "Why 4", "Find out the material", "What are the objects made of?", "Wonderful bag", etc.
- Examination of encyclopedias, illustrated material, cognitive screens "Chukh - choo, choo - choo, our iron has flared up" (history of the iron), "History of the vacuum cleaner", "History of the stove".
- Classification (sticking pictures on whatman paper) household items.
Methodological and didactic support:
Two large envelopes - one with the image of "Kapitoshka" without an address, the other colorful with pictures with the address for d / s; a letter from Dunno; panel-backpack, subject pictures to it: a plate, a spoon, a mug; ax, saw, needle; tape recorder, camera, video camera; paints, album, brush (pencils).
Music on the disc "Riding on a train"; gate imitation (from soft modules) with the inscription "Flower City", signs "Laboratory of Unusual Experiments", "Museum of Talking Objects".
Items household appliances (toys): vacuum cleaner, iron, kettle, coffee grinder, toaster, refrigerator, washing machine and etc.
History of the evolution of the iron and vacuum cleaner (in pictures).
For children: for each set of metal objects (coins, plates); napkin; container with water; magnet; album sheet, divided into 6 parts; black marker; wooden rounds.
To the educator: a ready-made algorithm, metal objects.
Easel; screens; paper sheet with three levels "sky", "earth", "water"; different transport stickers.
The teacher informs the children that an envelope has been sent to the address of our group. He spins it, admires how big and colorful it is, and lets the children see it.
What do you think is in the envelope? (children's guesses: surprise, letter)
Who can write a letter to us? (listens for answers: Carlson, Dunno)
Do you want to know who the letter is from? (Yes). Let's read!
Opens the envelope, reads the letter:
“Hello, dear guys! I learned from Carlson that you are interested in different subjects! In our Flower City, we love to invent items and would love it if you share your findings. I invite you to take an exciting journey into the world of things. I wish you success. Your friend... Dunno!"
Educator:
Guys, what do you know about the Flower City? (children's answers). That's right, the guys there live famous inventors and famous inventors.
Guys, would you like to accept Dunno's invitation? (Yes) To go on a trip, we need to get ready for the road and put things in our backpack that may come in handy on the way.
Game exercise for grouping objects "Pack your backpack on the road." Children lay out objects on a panel - a backpack in groups:
Utensils - plate, spoon, mug.
Tools - an ax, a saw, a needle.
Technique - tape recorder, camera, video camera.
Items for drawing - paints, an album, a brush.
The teacher offers the children to take one picture from the table, which shows miscellaneous items and place them in groups.
Come, have it! Be careful!
At the end, the teacher invites the children to check whether the children have laid out everything correctly, if there are errors, then correct, tell:
What items did you put in a backpack one row? Why? How to call in one word? What are these items for on the road? (children's answers).
The teacher praises the children for their attentiveness.
Educator:
Lera, what item did you put in your backpack? What is it for? Why did you put it next to...?
Well done, Lera, you have now tried and done everything right!
Educator:
Guys, now we are ready to hit the road! Let's take an empty envelope with us and put everything new and interesting we learn on the trip into this envelope! What are we going to... (a locomotive whistle is heard)... on a train!
Fizminutka "Riding a train" (children stand one after another, put their hands on each other's shoulders, make a circle, stop)
The teacher draws attention to the gate with the inscription "Flower City".
Well, here we come to the Flower City (is reading)! Come on guys! Guys, this is the "Laboratory of unusual experiments" (is reading). Here, the smartest shorty - Znayka, must be working on testing his new invention!
Let's come and see!
Educator:
Guys, what items do you see on the tray? (children call).
What material are they made from? (children's answer: metal) So what are they? (metal).
Educator:
Come on guys, sit down and take a closer look at metal. The children sit at the table.
The teacher offers children experimental - experimental activities to identify the properties and qualities of the metal.
Guys, what do you want to know about metal? (children formulate a task).
How are we going to do it? What do we need for this? (children develop a methodology for conducting experiments) What do we do first, what then?
If we do this, what will we get? (children predict the result)
The teacher reminds the children about safety.
Let's test your guesses! Guys, be careful when handling metal objects: you can cut yourself on sharp edges! (children work, reveal the properties and qualities of the metal)
Sketch everything you learned about metal? (children draw an algorithm for the properties and qualities of metal using symbols).
The teacher offers to draw and tell. Formulation of the conclusion (verbal report) educator using a ready-made algorithm. The teacher suggests putting the most successful children's algorithm in an envelope.
Guys, you probably sat too long? Let's have a cup of tea with you!
Fizminutka "Teapot - grumbler."
I am a teapot - a grumbler, a troublemaker, a madman, (walking in place)
I expose my belly to everyone (hands on the belt, body turns left - right)
I boil tea, bubbling and shouting: (clap hands)
Hey people, I want to drink tea with you! (jumping in place)
The teacher leads the children to the sign "Museum of" talking "objects."
Here, guys, the inventions of famous mechanics are stored flower city- Screw and Shpuntik. These items can tell a lot about themselves. Let's come and take a look.
What miraculous technique did you learn? (children list: washing machine, vacuum cleaner, iron, toaster, etc.) See what these things have in common? (children's answer: these items make household work easier, they need to be connected to the mains, these are electrical appliances).
Educator:
Guys, do you know what Appliances didn't they always look like this? Do you want to know how a man cleaned his home and sorted out his laundry in ancient times? (children answer: yes)
The teacher offers to take one picture from the table, examine it, remember the history of this subject, unite with those guys who have the same story, stand in order from the most ancient to the most modern. The teacher offers shy child using a counting rhyme, choose a group of children who tell the story of their subject.
Vacuum cleaner. A bunch of branches - a broom (broom)- brush - clapperboard - the first cordless roller vacuum cleaner - a modern vacuum cleaner that cleans not only carpets, but also the air.
Iron. Stone - wound on a rolling pin and carried out with a "ruble" (ribbed board)- the first iron was heated on the stove - "Brazier with coals" (coals from the oven were poured into the iron)- modern iron with temperature regulators, steaming and spraying.
Praise children.
Well done to all the guys, they correctly showed and told the history of objects, they didn’t miss anything!
Did you like the history of the vacuum cleaner (iron)? Do you think things have changed over time or stayed the same? (children's answer: a person sought to improve them, make them more comfortable and beautiful).
The teacher, with the consent of the children, decides to put the stories in an envelope. The teacher informs the children that the journey is coming to an end and it is time to return. Offers to take their places in the cars. To the music of "Riding on a train" the children return back.
The teacher reminds the children about the envelope in which they put everything interesting news about the things you learned today.
Educator:
Guys, what to do with this envelope? What are you offering? (children's answer: send Dunno)
The teacher supports the idea of children, approves, agrees to write the return address of the Flower City.
Educator:
Did you enjoy our trip? Where would you like to travel next time? (children's statements). Praise them for interesting ideas.
The teacher calls the children to the easel.
If you think that everything worked out for you, it was easy and interesting for you, then stick a transport that flies in the sky.
If you think that you were wrong and something didn’t work out, then stick on the transport that drives along the road.
If nothing worked out for you, it was difficult and uninteresting, then stick water transport.
Children take the appropriate transport and evaluate themselves. Explain their decision. The teacher invites the children to go sign the envelope, and the children make drawings with their own hands.
Now many teachers complain that the children who came to the first grade cannot coherently compose a story on a given topic, and there is a reason for this. Somehow missed the modern preschool education this topic. Now we teach children preparatory group read, count and write before telling, and this is wrong. To school, the child should be able to tell. And the teacher is obliged to teach him this. Not to make a writer out of him, no, but at least to give algorithms, diagrams, mnemotables that the child will keep in his head and make up a more or less coherent story based on them. And, of course, it takes practice. It also applies to parents. Print out such algorithms and occasionally ask your child to tell what he knows about some object or animal, following the scheme. And here are the schematics.
Schemes (mnemonic tables) for compiling stories-descriptions on various lexical topics
(Toys, Vehicles, Wintering and Migratory Birds, Vegetables, Fruits, Pets and Wild Animals, Family, Seasons).
Target:
Development of vocabulary, grammar and coherent speech of children.
Scheme of the story-description on the topic "Toys"
- Size.
- Form.
- Color.
- What is the toy made of?
- Components (parts) of the toy.
- How it is played.
Answer example:
This is a pyramid. It is medium in size and triangular in shape. Multi-colored pyramid. It is made of plastic rings. Rings must be put on a stick. First put on a large ring, then smaller and even smaller.
Scheme of the story-description on the topic "Transport"
- Purpose of transport (passenger, cargo, passenger, special).
- Type of transport (water, air, land, ground).
- Who manages transport (specialty, profession).
- What does this vehicle carry?
Aircraft - passenger air transport. The pilot is flying the plane. The plane transports people and their luggage over long distances. It can also carry cargo.
The scheme of the story-description on the topic "Wintering and migratory birds"
- Type of bird (wintering or migratory).
- Size.
- Feather color, appearance.
- How it moves, features of behavior.
- Where does he live.
- What does it eat.
The starling is a migratory bird. It is small in size, slightly larger than a sparrow. The starling's feathers are black and shiny. He nimbly flies and runs on the ground. Starlings build their nest in tree branches, in old hollows, or in man-made birdhouses. Starlings eat insects and worms.
The scheme of the story-description on the topic "Domestic and wild animals"
- Type of animal (domestic, our forests, hot countries).
- Animal size.
- The color of the skin or fur of the animal, the features of the body.
- What does the animal eat.
- Where does he live (habitat).
- Ways of movement, behavior.
- Dangerous or not dangerous to humans.
- Benefits for humans (only for pets).
The fox is a wild animal of our forests. She is medium in size. The fur coat of the fox is red, and the tip of the tail and breast are white. The fox has a long tail and sharp sensitive ears. Fox is a predator. She feeds on small animals. The fox lives in the forest in a hole. Fox runs fast. She has a good scent. The wild fox is dangerous, you should not come close to it.
Scheme of the story-description on the topic "Family"
- What is the name (Name, surname, patronymic).
- Home address.
- Who do you live with (list all members of your family).
- A story about each family member (Name, patronymic, where he works).
- How many people.
- What does the family do when they get together (hobbies, family traditions).
My name is Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich. I live in the city of Krasnodar, on Krasnaya street, at number 8. I have a mother, father and brother. My mother's name is Elena Petrovna. She works as a kindergarten teacher. My father's name is Ivan Petrovich. He works as an engineer in a factory. My brother's name is Vadim. He goes to school. There are 4 of us in the family. When we get together we like to play dominoes and watch movies on TV.
The scheme of the story-description on the topic “Vegetables. Fruits"
- Color.
- Form.
- Value.
- Taste.
- Place of growth (where it grows).
- Method of eating (what is done with this product).
An apple is a delicious fruit. Apples are either red or green. They are big and small. Apples taste sweet or sour. Apples grow on apple trees. Apples are eaten raw, desserts are made from them, compote or jam is cooked.
Scheme of the story-description on the topic "Seasons"
- States of the sky and the sun given time of the year.
- The state of nature at a given time of year (precipitation, grass, trees).
- How people dress at this time of the year.
- Bird behavior at this time of the year.
- Animal behavior at this time of the year.
- Children's entertainment and adult activities at this time of the year.
In winter, the sun is low above the ground, it heats badly. The trees are bare. Everything is covered with snow. People put on warm clothes for walks - fur coats, fur hats, winter boots, mittens. Migratory birds fly south in winter. Many animals hibernate. Although it is cold in winter, you can skate and ski, build a snowman and play snowballs.
Any algorithm can be supplemented to make the story more voluminous and interesting. In any case, familiarity with such schemes will go to the child for good.
Software content. Continue to introduce children to people of different professions. Tell about the profession of a military man - defender of the Fatherland. Form ideas about the types of troops. Build knowledge of business and personal qualities that the military must have. To acquaint students with hobbies in their free time. To cultivate respect for the soldiers - the defenders of Russia.
Material. Photo material - dads of pupils during the days of service in the army. A video recording telling about the life and studies of cadets of a military school, audio recordings of the songs "Good Soldiers" (lyrics by V. Volgina), "Soviet Army" (lyrics by G. Naydenova). "How our dads and grandfathers served" - a museum of objects brought by children (soldiers' things, photographs).
Lesson progress
On the easel (board, typesetting canvas) there are illustrations, pictures depicting the military of various branches of the armed forces. The song "Soviet Army" sounds. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the design of the group and the words of the song, asks them to talk about the upcoming holiday on February 23. He sums up the children's statements and says that this is a holiday of the military, defenders of the Fatherland.
The teacher reads the quatrain of Z. Alexandrova:
Day of our Army today,
There is no dare in the world.
Hello defenders of the people,
Russian Army - hello!
He talks about the fact that there is such a profession - to defend the Motherland. Asks the children if anyone can be a military man and what is necessary in order to become a military man.
After giving the children the opportunity to express their assumptions, the teacher informs that there are special educational establishments- military schools, and offers to watch a video about a military school (for example, classes in cadet corps, classes on the parade ground, classes in gym, life, rest of cadets.) Talks about the specialties that the military receive at the school (military civil engineers and military firefighters and others), and invites children to remember what other types of troops they know.
The game "Whose household is larger"
Target. Teach children to distinguish between a farm and a household; to consolidate knowledge about the profession of a farmer.
Material. Two paintings 20x30 cm depicting a farm and a household. Object pictures with attributes of a farm and household.
Children are divided into two teams: the owners of the farm and the owners of the household, in front of them are large pictures.
Subject pictures for farming and households are laid out on the tables. Farm owners collect farm-specific pictures, and household owners collect farm-specific pictures. household. Children justify their choice.
The emphasis is on the size of the economy, the number of products produced, the specifics of the tools of labor, and, finally, on who this or that product is produced for.
Theme "All works are good"
Software content. Generalize and systematize children's ideas about professions; arouse interest in different professions, to show the importance of the work of representatives of any profession for people's lives, to lead to an awareness of the need for serious preparation for mastering any profession, to cultivate respect for people - professionals, a sense of pride for working people.
Material. A letter from Dunno, photographs depicting representatives of various professions.
Preliminary work. Cognitive conversations "Bread is the head of everything", "How good it is in our garden", "Who built new house?", "Who would you like to become?", "Professions of my parents", "Profession of the future". My future profession".
Lesson progress
Educator. Guys, today I received a letter from Dunno. (Shows a letter.) In it Dunno asks you to help him: "Dear guys! I just can't decide what I should become when I grow up. Please tell me the most the best profession. Your Dunno."
Educator. Well, let's help Dunno choose the best profession? I invite you to the photo exhibition "Professions". Let's remember what professions are. (Children determine the names of professions from photographs.)
Educator. What other professions do you know? (Children's answers.) You have named a lot of professions. Are there any professions that you may not even have heard of. Think and say, what does a person who works as a reindeer herder do? Zmeelovo? A beekeeper? Constructor? A draftsman? Crane operator? A security guard? etc. (Children's answers.) That's right! It is not difficult to guess, because the word itself already has a hint and it is easy to guess what a person is doing. But there are professions that you need to know, but it is impossible to guess by the name what a person does. Try to name such professions. (Children's answers.) What do you think, what kind of work does a designer do? Lawyer? Manager? Foreman? (Children's answers.)
Theme "They fought for the Motherland"
Software content. To consolidate the ideas of children about the defenders of the Fatherland, a respectful attitude towards them; to cultivate love for the Motherland, to develop the desire to express one's attitude to events.
Material. S. Baruzdin's story "A soldier was walking along the street" ("For the Motherland!"); reproduction of E. Vuchetich's painting "Warrior - Liberator"; envelope, paper, pen, colored pencils.
Lesson progress
The teacher reads the story of S. Baruzdin "A soldier was walking along the street" ("For the Motherland!"). Then he asks the children questions:
What character traits are inherent in a warrior?
- Do you have a feeling of pride for our defenders of the Fatherland?
Would you like to be like them? On whom?
The teacher invites the children to consider a reproduction of the painting by E. Vuchetich "Warrior - Liberator". Asking questions:
- What is in the picture?
- How is the warrior-liberator shown?
Invites children (optional) to tell about their great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers - participants in the Great Patriotic War. (Children's stories.)
Educator. The main thing, guys, is to live in peace. Our warriors protect home country: voiced children's laughter, the peaceful labor of all people, the quiet and calm days of veterans... I think that each of you has words that you would like to say to the people of the future. I suggest you write a "letter to the future".
The teacher writes a letter with the children. For example, "Hello, inhabitants of the planet Earth! Children from kindergarten write to you ... (name of kindergarten and city). In our city there are many beautiful places: stadiums, parks, lakes, forests. You probably, like us, live in the very beautiful city, where there are many very good and good people. We will go to school soon. We will definitely study for four and five. We want to wish you a peaceful sky! Never quarrel, live together! It doesn't need to be a war. Take care of the world around the world!"
After the text is composed, each child leaves a small drawing on a piece of paper.
Theme "In healthy body healthy mind"
Software content. Expand children's understanding of Russian army about the importance physical training in military service; contribute to the development cognitive interest to the defenders of the Fatherland.
Material. Visual and didactic manual "Defenders of the Fatherland" (M.: MOZAIKA-SINTEZ, 2010), B. Nikolsky's book "Soldier's Watch", desktop set "Builder".
Lesson progress
The teacher talks to the children about the role of classes exercise In human life. Asks questions: "What should be the defender of the Fatherland? What helps him to be strong, dexterous, fast? Is it possible to do without morning exercises? Why? What exercises do you think a soldier should do and why?"
During the conversation, visual material from the album "Defenders of the Fatherland" is used.
Next, the teacher reads B. Nikolsky's story "Climate is climate ..." ("The company is being built for exercise!"), Accompanying it with illustrations. Offers children questions for discussion: "What medicine is prescribed for the private? Why did the doctor make such a decision? Why did the private complain about his health at the beginning of the story, but stopped at the end?"
The teacher invites the children to build a "Sports Town", and then beat the building.
Appendix 2 Item Description Algorithm
The algorithm card is divided into 10 squares. Each square has a symbol indicating the stage of the description of the subject.
1. Natural or man-made world. A tree (a frog or a butterfly) and a person are drawn on the card.
2. Color. There are color spots on the card. It is important that they do not have a clear form recognizable by children, then attention is better concentrated on color and there is no confusion between the concepts of "color" and "form".
3. Form. The cards are geometric shapes. They are not painted so that the attention of children is concentrated on the form.
4. Size. There are two objects of contrasting size drawn on the card.
5. Weight. The card shows two contrasting weight items, corresponding to the concepts of "light" and "heavy".
6. Material. Pasted on the card various materials in the form of squares (wood, fabric, paper, clay).
7. Parts of an object (structure). They (for example, parts of a toy) are shown separately.
Drawing is one of the favorite activities for children. As a rule, children boldly and with pleasure take on any figurative means and draw. Unfortunately, this cannot be said for children with intellectual disabilities, because they have productive activity, in particular drawing, practically does not arise outside of training. Such children do not show a desire to draw in free activity, drawings are not done willingly and only at the request of an adult. As a rule, the reason for such reluctance is not so much a lack of interest in drawing as a difficulty in depicting objects.
Relevance:
The visual activity of children with intellectual disabilities is characterized by:
- weakness of associations between one's own graphic constructions and real-life objects and phenomena;
- difficulty in the process of recognition in one's own graphic images real objects and their quick forgetting;
- an abundance of graphic stamps;
- static drawings in form and content;
- poverty color solutions;
- lack or underdevelopment of plot constructions;
Visual activity, in particular drawing, contains great opportunities. It is a means of mental, graphic-motor, emotional-aesthetic and volitional development of children with disabilities. In the process of drawing, everyone improves mental functions: visual perception, representation, imagination, memory, mental operations. characteristic feature in the drawings of children with intellectual disabilities is the use of patterns (graphic stamps), which the child transfers from drawing to drawing. Taking into account the peculiarities of development, it is possible to gradually prepare a child with intellectual disability to change and move away from graphic clichés, to form artistic and creative abilities.
The use of algorithmic schemes in teaching variable drawing
Teaching children the ability to depict objects is one of the most difficult tasks of work on visual activity in a correctional kindergarten. Its difficulty is explained, first of all, by the low capabilities of children with intellectual disabilities. Often, teachers, adapting to the abilities of children, significantly reduce the requirements for the formation of their independent skills in this direction. As a result, the majority of pupils draw only what they learned in the classroom, using graphic stamps. In the learning process, special attention should be directed to the formation in children of the ability to depict in the drawing the main features and properties (shape, color, structure) inherent in specific subject, and all objects surrounding reality. Objects that are depicted by children under the guidance of an educator should become only the material on the basis of which children acquire knowledge and skills in order to subsequently use them when depicting other objects. On this basis, children may develop an independent visual activity contributing to the overall mental development. But this requires a targeted selection of teaching methods.
In our work, one of these methods we chose drawing based on the algorithm of the image of the subject.
Since children with intellectual disabilities, first of all, they must be taught to see in the subject not only general form, but also the form separate parts, it is the accuracy of the reflection of the shape of the object that is one of the main conditions for the recognition of the image.
Algorithmic drawing schemes consist of familiar to children geometric shapes(circle, oval, square, rectangle, triangle) When we show a child an algorithm, he will recognize familiar shapes that, although not perfect, he already knows how to draw. On initial stage together with the child, we consider what geometric shapes the object consists of, circle them with a finger, and also use mobile algorithms in our work.
Recognizing the figures, children do not experience a feeling of insecurity and fear of drawing, but take up pencils with interest and draw, first together with the teacher, and later, having mastered the experience of drawing according to the schemes, on their own.
At first glance, it may seem that the mastery of algorithmic schemes hinders the development artistic creativity child, but this is not the case, because we try to give children as many options for the image of the same object as possible. We also offer children a variety of colors and details.
Thus, the use of algorithmic schemes activates the potential of children with disabilities in teaching drawing, and contributes to the formation of artistic and creative abilities.
Bibliography:
1. Kuznetsova G.V. Correction-developing classes on teaching graphic skills to children aged 5-7 years with developmental problems by means of visual activity (Text) / a guide for parents, educators, speech pathologists. - M., 2002
2. Ryzhova, N.V. Development of creativity of children 5-6 years old with ONR (Text) / N.V. Ryzhova. - M., 2009.
3. Davydova G.N. We draw transport. - M .: Publishing house "Scriptorium 2003", 2009
4. Shaidurova N.V. Teaching preschool children how to draw animals according to algorithmic schemes: Toolkit for educatorsDOE (Text) - St. Petersburg: LLC "Publishing House" Childhood - Press ", 2009
Dear colleagues!
I would like to bring to your attention mimic tables, or as they used to be called schemes - algorithms! Many pictures and illustrations can be found on the Internet, but made by hand, as it is closer.
As you and I know mnemonics- This
A schema that contains certain information;
A system of methods and techniques that ensures effective memorization, reproduction and storage of information.
Currently, mnemonics has become very relevant for preschoolers. A special place in working with children is used as a didactic material. mnemotable. Mastering how to work with mnemonic tables significantly reduces training time and simultaneously solves the following tasks:
The development of basic mental processes - memory, attention, perception, thinking, especially figurative;
Encoding information, that is, the transformation of objects, images into abstract signs, symbols;
Recoding of information, that is, transformation from abstract symbols into images;
Development fine motor skills hands when examining objects.
"Description of the Coat of Arms"
"A story about the professions of people"
"Description of garments"
"Description of utensils"
"Description of the Season"
"Description of fruits and vegetables"
"Description of Animals"
"Description of Birds"
"Toy Description"
I present to you the presentation
Mnemotables.
Attached files:
| mnemonotehnika-ili-shemy-algorithmy_jqq73.pptx | 3641.04 Kb | Downloads: 393 | |
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Cards-schemes for conducting experiments and experiments for children of senior preschool age (file cabinet)
Good day to all, dear colleagues from MAAM. Glad to have you as a guest. In my previous publications, I mentioned that in my work I use cards - schemes for conducting experiments and experiments. In senior preschool age these cards are very helpful and keep kids interested in experimenting. The cards show the stages of the experiments, you can write on the back that will help reading children in conducting experiments.
I deliberately did not write explanations for these experiments, so that the children themselves could draw conclusions why this is so and not otherwise.
"Guess by Smell"
1. Blindfold the child.
2. Cook foods with pronounced odors: onion, garlic, lemon, orange, apple, chocolate, etc.
3. Give each product a sniff: it can be recognized by its smell.
"Magic Pyramid"
1. We collect a pyramid from a large ringlet to a small one. We conclude: worth it.
2. We collect the pyramid on the contrary from a small ringlet to a large one. Will it stand? Why?
“Does air have weight? »
1. We make homemade scales.
2. Weigh 2 uninflated balloons.
3. The weight is the same.
4. We inflate one of the balloons.
5. Weigh again. What happened? An inflated balloon outweighs an empty one: air has weight.
6. Pierce an inflated balloon. What happened?
"Dissolution of substances in water"
1. Take a glass of water and a piece of sugar.
2. Put sugar in a glass.
3. Stir. What happened?
4. What happens if you add more sugar?
"Mystery Paper"
1. We put two identical glasses, put a sheet of paper on them.
2. We put the third glass on this sheet. What happened?
3. The paper could not bear the weight of the glass and bent.
4. We fold the same sheet with an accordion.
5. We put a sheet folded like an accordion into two glasses, and a third on top.
6. What happened? Why?
"Friendship of Colors"
1. We take three cans of gouache (red., yellow, blue)
2. We take three glasses of water.
3. In the first glass, mix red and yellow colors- it's orange.
4. In the second glass, mix blue and red - we get purple.
5. In the third glass, mix yellow and blue - we get green. Why?
"How to get a white color or a magic top"
1. Take a top (or divide the circle into three equal sectors and paint in three colors: blue, green, red).
2. We spin the top on the surface of the table. If you drew on a circle, then insert a finely sharpened pencil into the center of the circle, which will act as the axis of the top.
3. The top spins, visually its surface becomes white: the color is not visible.
"Plants drink water"
1. We take 2 glasses, pour water into them, put the branches of a houseplant.
2. Add red dye to the water of one of the glasses.
3. After a while: in this glass, the leaves and stem will turn red: the plant is drinking water.
"Dump and Rain"
1. We take a container, pour sand, put sponges. One end of the container is on a stand.
2. We collect ink in a pipette and drip onto the sponges.
3. Pour the sponges from the watering can with water.
4. We take a syringe, pump out water from the sand. Water is dirty.
"Oil River"
1. We take a container. We make a hole, insert the tube, fix it with plasticine. The free end of the tube is tightly clamped with a clothespin. We pour water.
2. Pour into water sunflower oil(oil is the same oily substance)
3. Remove the clothespin, drain half of the water into the jar. Water not mixed with oil is poured into the jar. An oil spill forms a film, like oil, which is a serious danger to wildlife.
"Magic Magnet"
1. Take a glass of water.
2. Put a wooden cube and paper clips into it.
3. Place the magnet against the wall of the glass: the magnet only attracts metal objects, even through glass and water.
"Magic Ball"
1. inflate two balloons, rub one of the balloons with a piece of woolen cloth.
2. if two balls are placed next to each other, they will start to repel. Why?
3. The ball that is rubbed is attracted to the wall. Why?
"The water cycle in nature, or the journey of a droplet"
(for adults)
1. We put the jar with a vault, and we place the boiler in it.
2. A bottle with snow inside is installed above the jar.
3. Under this bottle, we install a cut-off bottle with a hole.
4. We turn on the boiler, the steam rises, cools, flows into the cut-off cylinder and from it back into the jar.
"Birds and Oil"
1. We take a bird feather, throw it up, blow it. It will fly smoothly.
Dip the pen in vegetable oil(oil is also oily).
3. Let's throw a feather up, it falls down like a stone: the feathers of birds stick together and lose their ability to "repel" the air, which means that the bird cannot take off and becomes easy prey for predators.
I hope that our flashcards will help you inspire children's interest in experimentation. The idea of manufacturing belongs to Kochkova V. Yu.
www.maam.ru
algorithms and schemes for preschoolers in pictures
Art Center: Wax and watercolor crayons. Lack of logical substantiation of their statements and conclusions.
As experience shows, words denoting abstract concepts associated with natural phenomena, for example, cloudy sky, drizzling rain, withered grass, must be repeated many times so that they enter the child's dictionary. Like any work, mnemonics is built from simple to complex.
In order to successfully master the school curriculum, children of senior preschool age must develop the ability to coherently express their thoughts, build a dialogue and compose short story on... It was the foundation, the basis, the basis. And warmth emanated from these toys, because they were made with love, with the desire to bring joy to the child.
At that time, the game playgrounds was relevant in May. In the introduction of teaching children the actions of a dish, you can use algorithms and diagrams for preschoolers in pictures or a commemorative board.
A bowl is drawn in the arrest. A tablet is shown, the parts of which are at a short distance from each other. Under the appointment prolongs clothing for the fierce or for children.
He brought the importance of a curious placement in the preliminary disco of all the specific elements of the statement. Careful alphabet, algorithms and schemes for preschoolers in pictures with letters. The detectives tell how the earth will be in the home season: covered with a pattern, fallen leaves or damp from a night light, covered with dry grass or the first spring grass wanted, flowers are pressing.
Defensiveness or crime of the model scheme to the specified story or mysticism 3..
Theoretical and practical developments made it possible to develop the following sequence of teaching preschoolers modeling techniques. Changes in the life of birds.
Algorithms and schemes for preschoolers in pictures, Emelyanov brave girl read online for free
One, two, three - come to the heroes of the fairy tale. Mesh and cognitive mathematical inversion. Theoretical and practical symbolism made it possible to develop the following sequence of preschoolers dominating modeling techniques.
One of these resources, according to A.
Mnemotables-schemes serve as didactic material in the work on the development of coherent speech of children. Formation of speech in preschoolers. A variety of counting material subject pictures, small toys and objects, natural material.
Children's books on the program and favorite books of children.
For example, flattery made of plastic pumpkins, invented by teachers of the satellite group, is used to prevent flat feet in helicopters, exercise children in balance. And as a result of the joint game, the adult and the child come closer, multiply each other, and the child is formed like a fox. In preliminary work, they know the places where animals live: in the boot, in the game, in the den, in the stable, in the office, in the house, etc.
Algorithms and schemes for preschoolers in pictures
A preschool certificate is the age of mechanical forms of consciousness, and the ready-made tools that a child masters in this mode are full-scale tools: sensory links, color, salt shaker, size, various symbols, signs, irreplaceable models. Actualization of knowledge The manager reads the text with the public children on the flight and on self-compilation a visual larva or draws the attention of children to the loss of a story in a picture, uses the technique "Origin in a picture", schemes of vitamin stories.
In the office - a multi-sensory image of the plant. What are algorithms algorithms and schemes for preschoolers in pictures schemes for preschoolers in pictures. It is very important with what weapon the teacher listens to the children's stories.
By using reference circuits children learn how to make comparisons stories - descriptions about the birds of central Russia .... natural material water, sand, clay, pebbles, shells, chestnuts, acorns. ralink_rt3290_bluetooth_01 download driver windows 81 hpartcam free download in russiangeorge martin game of thrones all books in order free download
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Mnemonics for preschoolers
for children with severe speech disorders educational institution combined type kindergarten No. 52 "Swallow" Stary Oskol, Belgorod Region
Mnemonics is a set of rules and techniques that facilitate the process of remembering information. great place occupies the use of mnemonics in preschool age. In order to develop in children from the very early age certain skills and abilities, the so-called mnemonic tables (diagrams) are introduced into the learning process, in kindergartens, algorithms for the processes of washing, dressing, table setting, caring for indoor plants etc.
In children with speech pathology, it is especially important to develop visual creative thinking, using symbols, schemes that underlie the formation of artificial associations that facilitate memorization and increase the amount of memory, which is the essence of mnemonics. Reliance on a visual image is very important and obligatory, because if this visual image does not appear in the imagination during the reproduction of the text, then the child does not understand this text. Thus, the method of symbolization is the shortest way to the formation of the process of memorization and accurate transmission of information that requires verbatim repetition, for example, in poetry.
For this, a schematic representation of individual parts is sufficient, which will facilitate memorization and subsequent reproduction of a holistic image in a rhymed form. Mnemotables are especially effective when learning poems.
The bottom line is that for each word or small phrase, a picture (image) is thought up; thus, the whole poem is sketched schematically. After that, the child from memory, using graphic image reproduces the entire poem. At the initial stage, the adult offers ready plan- a scheme, and as the child learns, he is also actively involved in the process of creating his own scheme.
Mastering the techniques of working with mnemonic tables significantly reduces the training time. The use of reference drawings to teach memorizing poems captivates children, turns the lesson into a game.
The visual image, preserved by the child after listening, accompanied by viewing the drawings, makes it possible to memorize the text much faster. To learn each poem, its own mnemotable is developed and compiled, selects drawings for the selected poem (preferably for each line). And so, step by step, a mnemonic table is created.
The next stage of work with the mnemonic table is an emotional, expressive reproduction of the text of the poem. Then, vocabulary work is carried out on the work, a conversation on the meaning of what was read, and it provides an opportunity to reproduce the text by children based on drawings.
During my work in a compensatory group for children with severe speech disorders, a series of mnemotables for poems was created various subjects: "Winter spring", " Migratory birds”, “Wintering Birds”, “Insects”, “Professions” and many others. Well-known poems served as the basis for mnemonic tables.
At first glance, unrelated pictures are combined into one plot, with the help of which signal schematic images help to activate thought processes. Practice has shown that most of the children in the group memorize the poem while they “draw” it in this way.
Gradually, the memory of preschoolers is strengthened, their figurative thinking develops, they memorize texts much better, larger in volume, easier and more emotional. With this method of work, the poem is remembered in its entirety.
Learning has become a fun, emotional affair for preschoolers, and at the same time, the content of the text is tangible, visible, and representable. After all, one of the rules for strengthening memory and speech says: "When you learn, write down, draw diagrams, draw graphs."
