Among artistic wealth people a significant place is occupied by oral folk art - folklore. From a distant past, it brings to the contemporary the thoughts, dreams, expectations of the people, recreates their struggle against the oppressors or foreign enslavers. It can be said that oral folk art represents the poetic biography of the people, the history of working life and struggle for freedom and independence, history feats of arms his famous sons. The richness and variety of genres is marked oral creativity people. Oral folk art is also called folklore, which in translation means - folk wisdom. Folklore is taken from sources based on direct observations of the surrounding life. It recreates the history, culture, way of life, traditions, beliefs of the people. Genres of folklore are extremely diverse - these are fairy tales, proverbs, riddles, songs, thoughts, etc. Fairy tales are one of the most ancient and interesting genres of folklore. Fairy tales depict for the most part fictional events. This is understandable, because the people in these works expressed their dream, for example, to get rich, to wait fair trial. Ukrainian folk tales extremely varied. There are fairy tales actors, which are animals, but animals are extraordinary: they can speak, think, feel. There are fairy tales in which people act or historical figures. The world of fairy tales is not only magical, fantastic, but also instructive: fairy tales provide an answer to simple questions that always excite people - what is the meaning of human life? What is good and evil, life and death? A riddle is also one of the types of oral folk art, in which a certain phenomenon or creature is described, but not named, and the interlocutor must guess what we are talking in a riddle. Riddles composed by the people are noted for their wit, originality, and poetry. They help develop imagination, creative thinking. interesting page oral folk art are proverbs and sayings. They display the centuries-old wisdom of the people, practical experience V different periods human activity, natural phenomena are revealed, dreams are transmitted. The Ukrainian folk song— a brilliant composition of the people. In Ukrainian folk songs poetically reproduced historical events, sadness and joy, dreams and desires of people. The song reveals spiritual roots, greatness folk soul. Writer M..G. Stelmakh wrote: “Ukrainian folk song survived everything Hard times and from the depths of centuries brought to our present thoughts and feelings, pains and expectations of the people. A folk song, sometimes joyful, sometimes sad, was composed and sung by a shepherd boy, a serf, a girl in love, a courageous Cossack - the defender of the homeland of the earth. And the song lived on, passed down from generation to generation. Like a gigantic tree, a Ukrainian folk song has grown. And each branch of this mighty tree is an integral different sides multifaceted life of the people. Folk songs associated with work, leisure, holidays and rituals, farm work, part-time work, recruitment, the struggle of the people for freedom and independence. Ukrainian folk song is the most luxurious and most fragrant of all the branches on the tree of world folk art. original and popular view oral folk art are thoughts. These are big narrative works predominantly heroic content. Most often, thoughts are told about events connected with the heroic struggle of the people against foreign invaders. * Our thought, our song * Will not die, will not perish. * That's where, people, our glory, glory!
The richness and diversity of genres and directions of Russian literature of the XX century.
From Russian prose of the XX century
A conversation about the diversity of types and genres of prose works of the 20th century, about the leading prose writers of Russia.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. A word about the writer. Story "Dark alleys". Sad love story
people from different social strata. "Poetry" and "prose" of the Russian estate. lyricism of the story.
Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov. A word about the writer. The story "Dog's heart". The history of creation and the fate of the story. The meaning of the name. The system of images of the work. Mental, moral, spiritual underdevelopment is the basis of the vitality of "Sharikovism", "Shvonder-stvo". Poetics of Bulgakov-satirist, Reception of the grotesque in
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov. A word about the writer.
Story "Destiny of Man". The meaning of the title of the story. The fate of the Motherland and the fate of man. Story composition. The image of Andrei Sokolov, common man, warrior and worker. The author and narrator in the work. Fairytale manner storytelling. The meaning of the picture of spring nature for revealing the idea of the story. Breadth of typing.
Theory of Literature. Realism in fiction. Realistic typification (deepening of the concept).
Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn. A word about the writer.
Story "Mother's Yard". The image of the righteous. The tragedy of the fate of the heroine. The essence of the parable.
Theory of literature, Parable (deepening of the concept).
From Russian poetry of the XX century
general review and the study of one of the monographic topics (at the choice of the teacher). Poetry of the Silver Age. Variety of directions, genres, types lyric poetry. Peak phenomena of Russian poetry >0< века.
Strokes for portraits
Alexander Alexandrovich Block. A word about a poet.
“The wind brought from afar...”, “Oh, spring without end and without edge...”, “Oh, I want to live crazy...”. High ideals and a premonition of change. The poet's tragedy scary world". Deep, penetrating feeling of the Motherland. The originality of Blok's lyrical intonations. Images and rhythms of the poet.
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin. A word about a poet.
“It’s already evening ...”, “Letter to a woman”, “I don’t regret it, I don’t call, I don’t cry ...”, “You are my abandoned land ...”, “Wake me up early tomorrow .. .", "The golden grove dissuaded ...". The theme of love in the poet's lyrics. Folk-but-song basis of the poet's works. Cross-cutting images in Yesenin's lyrics. The theme of Russia is the main one in Yesenin's poetry.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky Word O poet.
“Listen!”, “Could you?”, “I love”(excerpt) and other poems at the choice of the teacher and students. Mayakovsky's innovation as a poet. The originality of verse, rhythm, word creation. Mayakovsky about the work of this poet.
Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva. A word about a poet.
“You’re coming, you look like me ...”, “Grandma”, “I like that you are not sick of me ...”, “Poems to Blok”, “Where does such tenderness come from? ..”, “Motherland”, "Poems about Moscow". Poems about poetry, about love. Features of Tsvetaeva's poetics. Traditions and innovation in the poet's creative search.
Nikolay Alekseevich Zabolotsky. A word about a poet.
“I am not looking for harmony in nature...”, “Somewhere in a field near Magadan...”, “Juniper bush”, “On beauty human faces», "Will". Poem-
about man and nature. Philosophical depth of generalizations of the poet-thinker.
Anna Andreevna Akhmatova. A word about the poet. Poetic works from books "Rosary", "Be-
barking flock”, “Pushkin”, “Plantain”, “ANNO DOMINI”, “Reed”, “Wind of War”. Tragic intonations love lyrics Akhmatova. Poems about love, about the poet and poetry. Features of the poetics of Akhmatova's poems.
Boris Leonidovich Pasternak. A word about a poet.
“My beauty, all to become ...”, “Change”, “Weight-on V forest”, “I want to reach everything...”, “Being famous is ugly...”. Philosophical depth of B. Pasternak's lyrics. Spiritual objectivity of Pasternak's poetry. Introduction of eternal themes to modernity in poems about nature and love.
Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky. A word about poetry.
“Harvest”, “Spring Lines”, “I was killed under Rzhe-
vom". Poems about Motherland, about nature. Intonation style of poetry.
Theory of Literature. Sillabotonic and tonic systems of versification. Types of rhymes. Methods of rhyming (deepening of ideas).
Songs and romances
Late XIX - early XX centuries. became the time of the bright flowering of Russian culture, its " silver age"(The "golden age" was called Pushkin's time). In science, literature, art, new talents appeared one after another, bold innovations were born, competed different directions, groupings and styles. At the same time, the culture of the "Silver Age" was characterized by deep contradictions, characteristic of the entire Russian life of that time.
The rapid breakthrough of Russia in development, the clash of different ways and cultures changed self-consciousness creative intelligentsia. Many were no longer satisfied with the description and study of visible reality, analysis social problems. I was attracted by deep, eternal questions - about the essence of life and death, good and evil, human nature. Revived interest in religion; the religious theme had a strong influence on the development of Russian culture at the beginning of the 20th century.
However, the critical era not only enriched literature and art: it constantly reminded writers, artists and poets of the coming social explosions, that the whole habitual way of life, the whole old culture, could perish. Some were waiting for these changes with joy, others with longing and horror, which brought pessimism and anguish into their work.
On turn of XIX and XX centuries. literature developed in other historical conditions than before. If you look for a word that characterizes key features period under review, it will be the word "crisis". Great scientific discoveries shook the classical ideas about the structure of the world, led to a paradoxical conclusion: "matter has disappeared." A new vision of the world, thus, will also determine the new face of realism of the 20th century, which will differ significantly from classical realism predecessors. Also devastating to the human spirit was a crisis of faith (“God is dead!” exclaimed Nietzsche). This led to the fact that the man of the 20th century began to increasingly experience the influence of non-religious ideas. The cult of sensual pleasures, the apology of evil and death, the glorification of the self-will of the individual, the recognition of the right to violence that turned into terror - all these features testify to the deepest crisis of consciousness.
In Russian literature of the beginning of the 20th century, a crisis of old ideas about art and a sense of the exhaustion of past development will be felt, a reassessment of values will be formed.
Renewal of literature, its modernization will cause the emergence of new trends and schools. The rethinking of the old means of expression and the revival of poetry will mark the onset of the "silver age" of Russian literature. This term is associated with the name of N. Berdyaev, who used it in one of his speeches in the salon of D. Merezhkovsky. Later art critic and the editor of "Apollo" S. Makovsky consolidated this phrase by naming his book about Russian culture at the turn of the century "On Parnassus of the Silver Age." Several decades will pass and A. Akhmatova will write "... silver month brightly / Above the silver age froze".
Chronological framework the period defined by this metaphor can be described as follows: 1892 - the exit from the era of timelessness, the beginning of a social upsurge in the country, the manifesto and collection "Symbols" by D. Merezhkovsky, the first stories of M. Gorky, etc.) - 1917. According to another point of view, the chronological end of this period can be considered 1921-1922 (the collapse of past illusions, the mass emigration of figures of Russian culture from Russia that began after the death of A. Blok and N. Gumilyov, the expulsion of a group of writers, philosophers and historians from the country).
VII class (68 hours)
Genera and genres of literature
Wealth and Variety of Genres
The richness and variety of genres of all three genera literature. Constant update genres, the emergence of new ones and the extinction of old ones. Enrichment and fusion of genres. New content and old forms. New content and new forms.
Methodology. Use of materials studied in grades V-VI and elementary school.
Theory. Types and genres of literature.
Ancient literature
Heroic epic of antiquity. The Iliad is a poem about the Trojan War. Achilles is the hero of the poem. The Odyssey is a travelogue and hard way home of one of the heroes of the legendary Trojan War. Odysseus at the Cyclops.
Theory. Heroic epic.
Methodology. Using materials learned in history lessons.
Folklore
Life of genres of folklore. The oldest and youngest genres. Living genres of oral folk art.
Circumstances of the emergence of new genres. Modern life small genres of folklore. The fate of school folklore. Dramatic works of folklore.
Theory. Genres of modern folklore.
"Barin". People's Theater at fairs and festivals. Folk plays on the fair stage and the usual hut. Elements of the game folk plays. satirical drama"Barin" as a play and how folk game. The plot, characters and participants of the play-game are all present, who are called "fofans".
Theory. genres of folk theatre.
Methodology.
Renaissance literature
W. Shakespeare. "Romeo and Juliet". Tragedy as a genre dramatic work. Reflection in the tragedy of "eternal themes": love, devotion, enmity, revenge. The main conflict of the tragedy. The fate of young lovers in a world of injustice and malice. The meaning of the tragedy's ending. The concept of catharsis.
Sonnets. (“Her eyes don’t look like stars…”, etc.).
Theory. Tragedy. Sonnet.
From the history of the sonnet. Sonnet as one of the popular forms of verse in literature different countries over the course of several centuries. “Sonnet” (“Severe Dante did not despise the sonnet ...”; . “Interruption of rhythm”; . “Praise to the sonnet”; . “Sonnet to form”; . “Sonnet”; Igor Severyanin “Bunin” and others (at the choice of the teacher) .
Methodology. Turning to the history of the sonnet, in the lesson you can turn to one or two works. The remaining proposed texts will be read by those who are fond of poetry and want to take part in the competition on the history of the sonnet.
Enlightenment Literature.
Molière. "The tradesman in the nobility" (scenes). Comedy as a genre of dramatic work. Satirical image of Mr. Jourdain.
Theory. Comedy.
Methodology. When studying comedy, it is necessary to actively use commentary reading by roles.
LiteratureXIXcentury.
Most popular genres literature XIX century. The Golden Age of Russian Poetry. The heyday of the fable genre at the beginning of the century. Classic genres Russian prose XIX century: novel, story, short story. Dramaturgy genres. Communication of genres.
Theory. Epic, lyric, drama genres.
From the history of the fable. fable in ancient literature Greece and Rome. Fables of J. de La Fontaine. Russian fable of the 18th century. Great fabulist. Fables of Kozma Prutkov.
Theory. Fable and parable.
Methodology. Since the genre of the fable is well known to students, a competition can be held in the classroom for the best performance and commentary on a fable created on the same topic, but by different authors (for example, “The Crow and the Fox”).
Theory.
Methodology. Comparison of the story and the novel.
. “Death of a Poet”, “Elegy”, “Stanzas”, “Song”, “Romance”, “Duma”, “Prayer” (“In a Difficult Moment of Life…”), epigrams and madrigals, epitaph. Various genres in the work of the poet: the richness of the genres of lyrics, lyrical epic works (ballads, poem). Features of the composition of the poem. The brightness of the style, conveying the power of the author's feelings.
"Mtsyri". The hero of the poem and his confession. Unusual plot. landscape features. The perfection of the poet's verse. Rhyme in lyrics and poetry.
Theory. Rhyme. "Dictionary of Rhymes".
Methodology. It is advisable to introduce students to the rhyming dictionary, which is located in the Lermontov Encyclopedia. You can give a number of individual tasks using this dictionary.
. "Inspector". The history of comedy. Reflection Russia XIX centuries in the plot and heroes of comedy. The power of the guise of social evil in comedy. Mayor and city officials I. Khlestakov. Famous scenes and famous comedy lines. Women's images comedy. Mastery of composition and speech characteristics. Author's remarks in the play. Gogol about comedy. "Khlestakovshchina". stage history comedy (theatre, cinema).
Theory. Comedy poster. Features of the reflection of reality in a dramatic work. The structure of a dramatic work and the image of the hero. Remarks in a play as one of the methods of creating an image.
Methodology. Traditionally, in the course of studying the "Inspector General" - the performance of a play or its individual scenes. It is possible to refer to the video sequence (fragments of films), demonstration of visual material (illustrations, photographs, sketches of scenery and costumes of heroes). this helps to master the specifics of a dramatic work.
. “Date”, “Poems in prose” (“Russian language”, “Dog”, “Fool”, “Schi”, etc.). Last years creativity and latest works Turgenev - Poems in Prose. Creative Lab writer and the history of the creation of "Poems in Prose". moral pathos and artistic features these works.
Theory. Poetry in prose.
Theory. Style.
- Shchedrin. “The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals”, “Bogatyr”, “Karas is an Idealist”. satirical tales writer. Heroes of fairy tales and their plots. The social acuteness of the problems and the artistic features of fairy tales. Creation features satirical image. Explanation of the author's title "The Tale of ..." (why the tale is called a story). Genre definition works and its conventions. The plot of a fairy tale is a story. The heroes are two generals and one peasant. The hero of the fairy tale "Bogatyr". moral issues in the depiction of the heroes of fairy tales (“Karas is an idealist”) and the persuasiveness of the author's judgments. Satire and grotesque. Satire "like a thunder of indignation, a thunderstorm of the spirit" ().
Theory. Grotesque. Satire is a form of the comic in lyrics and prose. Satire in the works of Russian classics.
. "Lefty". The plot and characters of the story. Features of Leskov's prose style, "subtly knowing the Russian language and in love with its beauty" (M. Gorky). The pathos of creative work in the work. Heroes of the tale: Lefty, Platov, tsars of the Russian state and officials of various ranks.
The stage history of the performances of the tale.
Theory. Narrative as a genre of epic.
Mark Twain. "How I edited an agricultural newspaper". America and its people in the mirror of Mark Twain's satire. The work "How I edited an agricultural newspaper" as a pamphlet. Features of Mark Twain's satire. Plot, characters and imagery. Grotesque as a technique.
Theory. Pamphlet.
. "Surgery", "Complaint book", "Death of an official". humorous stories Chekhov. The rapidity of the development of the plot of "Surgery". A funny set of remarks that characterize the authors of the Complaint Book. Unrestrained humor and vitality of the story. Empathy for funny characters in stories. The story "Death of an official" as a social sketch. Heroes of the story and their fate.
Theory. Humoresque.
Hero's portrait works of art various genres.
Art of a portrait in creativity writers of the 19th century. Portrait in epic works: novel, story, short story. Portrait in a lyrical work. Portrait in a poem. Portrait in the art of the word and in other forms of art.
Theory. Portrait.
Landscape in works of art of various genres.
The art of depicting pictures of nature in various genres. Landscape and author. Landscape poetry. Landscape in a great epic work. The role of landscape in the studied works; the poem "Mtsyri", the story "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman" and other works.
Theory. Scenery.
Methodology. Throughout the year, students observe the features of various genres. At the same time, special attention is paid to the hero and the plot (in the proposal of the literature course in grades V-V). However, students may not notice the role artistic descriptions with which each work is saturated. Therefore, you need to refer to the portrait and landscape throughout the year, using the instructions of the previous sections of the program. Thus, the portrait of the hero is successfully recreated in the analysis of the novel "Dubrovsky" (compare the description of the hero's appearance in the documents of the gendarme and in the words of the frightened lady). The specificity of genres helps to capture the features of descriptions in literary texts.
LiteratureXXcentury.
Moral problems in the lyrics of the XX century. The richness and variety of genres and forms of verse. Epic works as the basis of reader's hobbies. Epic and lyrical works. Dramaturgy and the Reader. The role of cinema and television in expanding the sphere of influence of literature. Traditional genres and the search for new genres in the literature of the 20th century. Connection various arts and their influence on the enrichment of the types and genres of works of art of the word.
Methodology. Comparison and analysis of various genres. Observation of their richness and diversity.
Reflection of a person's spiritual questXXcentury in lyrics.
. "Praise to man", "Labor"; . "Exile", "The bird has a nest ..."; . “God created the world out of nothing…”; Igor Severyanin. "Do not envy a friend ..."; R. Kipling. “If ...” (translated by S. Marshak), “The Commandment” (translated by M. Lozinsky); . “As after the March snowstorms…”, “July is the top of summer…”; . "The storm is coming"; . "I do not like…"; M. Karim. "Europe - Asia", etc. (at the choice of the teacher and students).
Theory. Lyric theme. New genres in art.
Methodology. It is possible to organize the study poetry taking into account their subject matter.
M. Gorky. "Song of the Petrel", "Old Woman Izergil", " Old year. Maxim Gorky, his work and role in the fate of Russian culture. "Song of the Petrel". Romantic song is a call. The meaning of a hero's life. Receiving contrast in romantic work. "Old Woman Izergil" as one of early works writer. Combination of realistic storytelling and legends about Danko and Lara. "The Legend of Danko" is a statement of a feat in the name of people. The plot of the legend and its place in the work "Old Woman Izergil". Romantic plot and romantic image of Danko. The abundance and variety of works of epic genres in the writer's work. Fairy tale "Old Year" and its characters. Elements of a parable in the genre of a fairy tale.
Theory. The place of epic genres in the works of writers of the 20th century.
“An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha”, “Hymn to Dinner”. An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha "as a lyre epic work. The problem of creativity. Mayakovsky's innovation. The Poet and the Sun. Mayakovsky's world is a world of hyperbole. Satirical hymns of the poet. "Dinner Hymn" New design of old genres. Features of Mayakovsky's verse.
Theory. Mayakovsky's tonic verse.
Theory. Dramatic scene.
Methodology. When getting acquainted with the work, the students are convinced that the well-known plot can be used in a different setting without losing its satirical coloring.
. "The Birth of a Story" Poetic prose of Paustovsky. The world of the writer's heroes and the world of creativity. An attempt by writers to recreate in artistic word creative process (" Golden Rose"). "The Birth of a Story" The hero of the story and his painful search for a creative upsurge, inspiration. Nature and surrounding people as the cause of the creative impulse.
Theory.
. What do horses cry about? Aesthetic, moral and environmental issues raised by the writer in the story. Ryzhukha and her dialogue with the narrator-author. The logic of history and development of relations between nature and man.
. "Incomparable Tips". A vaudeville solution to the problem of choosing a vocation. Tips, Eduardov and other heroes. Psychological accuracy and humor of the dialogues. The skill of remarks. Serious problems fun genre. The idea of an unfinished vaudeville
Theory. Vaudeville.
From the history of the essay. The birth of a genre. The popularity of the genre contemporary literature. . "Joy of creativity".
Theory. Essay.
The Great Patriotic War in Fiction.
lyric poem. Poem. Song. Feature article. Novella. Story. Tale. The novel is epic. A general overview of the richness of the genres through which the theme of war was revealed over the course of a decade (repetition with the involvement of previously studied works). . "Russian character". Events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War in the story. The theme of patriotism.
. "They fought for the Motherland" (fragments). Battles in the first months of the war. tragic events rami retreats. Episodes of battles in the southern steppes of the country. Fortitude and heroism of the participants in the battles. Theory. Living response of art to the events of the war.
. "French lessons". Difficult years in the life of the country during the war years. Curiosity young hero. The warmth of the teacher, her ability to help the student. The meaning of the title of the story. The humanism of the story.
Theory.
Fantasy genres.
R. Sheckley. "Smell of Thought" Short story genre in science fiction literature. The story "The smell of thought." The hero is Leroy Cleavey and the inhabitants of the planet 3 - M - 22. What helped the hero of the story to escape. Types of communications and telepathy.
Features of humor in a fantastic work.
Theory. genres of science fiction.
Genres of detective fiction.
Reader of classics and reader of detective story. Features of the detective genre.
A. Conan Doyle. "Dancing Man". Conan Doyle and his Sherlock Holmes in the evaluation of readers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Features of the composition of short stories about Holmes. The plot of "Dancing Men" and the characters of the novel. The reasons for the creative longevity of the hero of Doyle's short stories.
Theory. Novella.
From the history of parody. Parody as a genre of criticism satirical literature. Parody and its role in the history of literature. Parody in literature different eras(from antiquity to the present). Parody and caricature. Parody and cartoon.
Theory. Parody. Feuilleton., Caricature.
Results.
Methodology. An overview of the works of various types and genres studied in grades V - VII, showing the diversity of life and the richness of the forms of its reflection in art.
Genera and genres of literature
Richness and variety of genres.
The main types of art of the word: epic, lyric and drama. Genus as a historically developed variety of works of art. The fate of the genres of epic, lyrics and drama in the literature of different peoples.
The richness and variety of genres of all 3 kinds of literature. Constant renewal of genres, the emergence of new ones and the extinction of old ones, the enrichment and merging of genres. New content and old forms. New content and new forms.
Methodology. Using materials learned in grades 5-6 and elementary school.
Theory. Types and genres of literature.
Ancient literature
Homer. "Iliad", "Odyssey" (fragments).
Heroic epic of antiquity. The Iliad is a poem about the Trojan War. Achilles is the hero of the poem. "Odyssey" is a story about the wanderings and difficult journey home of one of the heroes of the legendary Trojan War. Odysseus at the Cyclops.
Theory. Heroic epic.
Methodology. Using materials learned in history lessons.
Folklore
Life of genres of folklore. The oldest and youngest genres. Living genres of oral folk art. Life of small genres of folklore. The fate of school folklore. Dramatic works of folklore.
Theory. Genres of modern folklore.
"Barin". Folk theater at fairs and festivities. Folk plays on the fair stage and in an ordinary hut. Elements of play in folk plays. The satirical drama "Barin" as a play and as a folk game. The plot, the hero and the participants in the play - the games - are all present, who are called "fofans".
Theory. genres of folk theatre.
Methodology. Students in the role of "fofans". Acquaintance with various genres of folk drama and their features with direct participation in performances.
Renaissance literature
W. Shakespeare. "Romeo and Juliet". Tragedy as a genre of dramatic work. Reflection in the tragedy of "eternal themes": love, devotion, enmity, revenge. The main conflict of the tragedy. The fate of young lovers in a world of injustice and malice. The meaning of the tragedy's ending. The concept of catharsis.
Sonnets ("Her eyes are not like the stars ...", etc.)
Theory. Tragedy. Sonnet.
From the history of the sonnet. Sonnet as one of the popular forms of verse in the literature of different countries for several centuries: . “Sonnet” (“Severe Dante did not despise the sonnet ...”); "Praise to the sonnet"; . "Sonnet to Form"; . "Sonnet"; Igor Severyanin "Bunin" and others (at the choice of the teacher).
Methodology. Turning to the history of the sonnet, in the lesson you can turn to one or two works. The remaining sentences of the text will be read by those who are fond of poetry and want to take part in the competition on the history of the sonnet.
Enlightenment Literature
Molière. "Hash in the nobility" (scenes). Comedy as a genre of dramatic work. Satirical image of Mr. Jourdain.
Theory. Comedy.
Methodology. When studying comedy, it is necessary to actively use commentary reading by roles.
19th century literature
The most popular genres of the 19th century. The Golden Age of Russian Poetry. The heyday of the fable genre at the beginning of the century. Classical genres of Russian prose of the 19th century: novel, story, short story. Dramaturgy genres. Connection of genres
Theory. Epic, lyric, drama genres.
From the history of the fable. Fable in ancient Greek literature and Rome. Fables of J. de La Fontaine. Russian fable of the 18th century. . The heyday of the Russian fable in the early 19th century. Great fabulist. fables of Kozma Prutkov.
Theory. Fable and parable.
Methodology. Since the genre of the fable is well known to the students, then in the lesson it is possible to hold a competition for the best performance and commentary on the fable created on the same topic, but different authors(for example, "The Crow and the Fox").
From the history of the ballad. Origins of the ballad genre. Zhukovsky in contemporary literature. Ballads of writers of the 19th - 20th centuries. Ballad E. According to "Annabel Lee". Ballad in oral folk art, including school folklore.
A. Zhukovsky. "Glove", "Svetlana". Ballads. Tragic plots and exacting moral position of the author. Ease of style in the presentation of events. "Glove". Courage of a knight and his feeling dignity. Heroes and plot in the translations of Zhukovsky and Lermontov. "Svetlana". Plot and folk beliefs (folklore basis ballads). Romantic character. The organic connection of the heroine with the natural world.
Theory. Ballad.
Methodology. The plots of ballads usually attract young readers. You can use this interest by leading a class discussion of self-read ballads.
. "Elegy", "To the portrait of Zhukovsky", "K ***" ("I remember wonderful moment...”), “On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night ..”, “I loved you: love is still, perhaps ...”, “Cloud”, “To Friends”, “October 19” (“The forest drops its crimson dress ...”) , "Demons", "My epitaph". The richness of themes and variety of genres in creativity. Genres of the poet's lyrics: message, elegy, stanzas, epigram, etc. Emotional brightness and perfection of form lyrical works poet.
genres of prose.
“A young lady is a peasant woman” (“Tales of Belkin”). The heroine of the story is Lisa (Betsy). The author and his solutions to the problems of composition of the story. The plot and characters. Story or story?
"Dubrovsky". Unfinished novel "Dubrovsky". Plot Features an unfinished work in which the signs of a love and social romance are combined. Vladimir Dubrovsky as romantic hero. Masha. Their environment. The fate of the heroes
From the history of the novel. The rise of the novel genre. A wealth of variants of this genre. Controversy about its role in modern literature.
Theory. Genres of lyrics and epic (story, novel).
Methodology. Comparison of the novel.
. “Death of a Poet”, “Elegy”, “Stanzas”, “Song”, “Romance”, “Duma”, “Prayer” (“In a Difficult Moment of Life…”), epigrams and madrigals, epitaph. Various genres in the poet's work: a wealth of genres of lyrics, lyrical epic works (ballads, poems). The poem "The Death of a Poet" and its role in the fate of the author. Features of the composition of the poem. The brightness of the style, conveying the power of the author's feelings.
"Mtsyri". The hero of the poem and his confession. Unusual plot. landscape features. The perfection of the poet's verse. Rhyme in lyrics and poetry.
Theory. Rhyme Dictionary of Rhymes.
Methodology. It is advisable to introduce students to the rhyming dictionary,
Which is in the Lermontov Encyclopedia. You can give a number of individual tasks using this dictionary.
. "Inspector". The history of comedy. Reflection of Russia of the 19th century in the plot and heroes of the comedy. The power of the guise of social evil in comedy. Mayor and city officials. N. Khlestakov. Famous scenes and famous comedy lines. Women's images of comedy. Mastery of composition and speech characteristics. Author's remarks in the play. Gogol about comedy. "Khlestakovshchina". Stage history of comedy (theatre, cinema).
Theory. Comedy poster. Features of the reflection of reality in a dramatic work. The structure of a dramatic work and the image of the hero. Remarks in a play as one of the methods of creating an image.
Methodology. Traditionally, in the course of studying the "Inspector General" - the performance of a play or its individual scenes. It is possible to refer to the video sequence (fragments of films), demonstration of visual material (illustrations, photographs, sketches of scenery and costumes of heroes). All this helps to master the specifics of a dramatic work.
. “Date”, “Poems in prose” (“Russian language”, “Dog”, “Fool”, “Schi”, etc.). The last years of creativity and the last works of Turgenev - "Poems in Prose". The creative laboratory of the writer and the history of the creation of "Poems in Prose". Moral pathos and artistic features of these works.
Theory. Poetry in prose.
. « Railway”, “Reflections at the front door”. Civil lyrics of Nekrasov. The fate of the people in lyrical and lyrical epic works. Plots and composition of Nekrasov's lyrical epic works and their heroes. The position of the author. Style to match the theme.
Theory. Style.
- Shchedrin. “The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals”, “Bogatyr”, “Karas-Idealist”. satirical tales of the writer. Heroes of fairy tales and their plots. Social acuteness of problems and artistic features of fairy tales. Features of creating a satirical image. Explanation of the author's title "The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals" (why the fairy tale is called a story) the plot of the fairy tale is a story. The heroes are two generals and one peasant. The hero of the fairy tale "Bogatyr". Moral problems in the depiction of the heroes of fairy tales ("Karas is an idealist") and the persuasiveness of the author's judgments. Satire and grotesque. Satire "like a thunder of indignation, a thunderstorm of the spirit" ().
Theory. Grotesque. Satire is a form of the cosmic in lyrics and prose. Satire in the works of Russian classics.
. "Lefty". The plot and characters of the story. Features of Leskov's prose style, "subtly knowing the Russian language and in love with its beauty" (M. Gorky). The pathos of creative work in the work. Heroes of the tale: Lefty, Platov, tsars of the Russian state and officials of various ranks. The stage history of the performances of the tale.
Theory. Narrative as a genre of epic.
Mark. Twain. "How I edited an agricultural newspaper". America and its people in the mirror of Mark Twain's satire. The work is like a pamphlet. Features of Mark Twain's satire. Plot; characters and imagery. Grotesque as a technique.
Theory. Pamphlet.
"Surgery", "Complaint book", "Death of an official". Chekhov's humorous stories. The rapidity of the development of the plot "Surgery". A funny set of remarks that characterize the authors of the Complaint Book. Unrestrained humor and vitality of the story. Empathy for funny characters in stories. The story "Death of an official" as a social sketch. Heroes of the story and their fate.
Theory. Humoresque.
Portrait of a hero in works of art of various genres.
The art of portraiture in the works of writers of the 19th century. Portrait in epic works: novel, story, short story. Portrait in lyrical works. Portrait in a poem. Portrait in the art of the word and in other forms of art.
Theory. Portrait.
Landscape in works of art of various genres.
The art of depicting pictures of nature in various genres. Landscape and author. Landscape poetry. Landscape in a great epic work. The role of the landscape in the studied works: the poem "Mtsyri", the story "The Young Lady - a Peasant Woman" and other works.
Theory. Scenery.
Methodology. Throughout the year, students observe the features of various genres. At the same time, special attention is paid to the hero and the plot. However, students may not notice the role of artistic descriptions, which are saturated in each work. Therefore, you need to refer to the portrait and landscape throughout the year, using the instructions of the previous sections of the program. So, the portrait of the hero is successfully recreated in the analysis of the novel "Dubrovsky". The specificity of genres helps to capture the features of descriptions in literary texts.
Literature of the 20th century.
Moral problems in the lyrics of the 20th century. The richness and variety of genres and forms of verse. Epic works as the basis of reader's hobbies. Epic and lyrical works. Dramaturgy and the Reader. The role of cinema and television in resolving the sphere of influence of literature. Traditional genres and the search for new genres in the literature of the 20th century. The connection of various arts and their influence on the enrichment of the types and genres of works of art of the word.
Methodology. Comparison and analysis of various genres. Observation of their richness and diversity.
Reflection of the spiritual searches of a person of the 20th century in the lyrics.
. "Praise to man", "Labor"; . "Exile", "The bird has a nest ..."; . "God created the world out of nothing"; Igor Severyanin. "Do not envy a friend"; R. Kipling "If ..." (translated by S. Marshak), "The Commandment" (translated by M. Lozinsky); “As after the March snowstorms…”, “July is the top of summer…”; . "The storm is coming"; . "Arbat Romance"; . "I do not like…"; M. Karim. "Europe - Asia", etc. (at the choice of the teacher and students).
Theory. Lyric theme. New genres in art.
Methodology. It is possible to organize the study of poetic works, taking into account their subject matter.
M. Gorky. "Song of the Petrel", "Old Izergil", "Old Year". Maxim Gorky, his work and role in the fate of Russian culture. "Song of the Petrel". Romantic song is a call. The meaning of a hero's life. Reception of contrast in a romantic work. "Old Izergil" as one of the early works of the writer. Combination of realistic storytelling and legends about Danko and Larra. "The Legend of Danko" is a statement of a feat in the name of people. The plot of the legend and its place in the work "Old Woman Izergil". Romantic plot and romantic image of Danko. The abundance and variety of works of epic genres in the writer's work. Fairy tale "Old Year" and its characters. Elements of a parable in the genre of a fairy tale.
Theory. The place of epic genres in the work of writers of the 20th century.
. "An extraordinary adventure that was with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha" as a lyrical epic work. The problem of creativity. Mayakovsky's innovation. The Poet and the Sun. Mayakovsky's world is a world of hyperbole. Satirical hymns of the poet. "Dinner Anthem" New design of old genres. Features of Mayakovsky's verse.
Theory. Mayakovsky's tonic verse.
. "The Examiner with a Knock Out" (new production). Gogol is Bulgakov's favorite writer. Connection real event and the plot of Gogol's The Government Inspector. Members humorous scene. "Inspector with a knockout" - a satire on the topic of the day and on the ignorance of the heroes " new production". An unusual connection between the epigraph and the text.
Theory. Dramatic scene.
Methodology. When getting acquainted with the work, the students are convinced that the well-known plot can be used in a different setting without losing its satirical coloring.
. "The Birth of a Story" Poetic prose of Paustovsky. The world of the writer's heroes and the world of creativity. The writer's attempt to recreate the tale in fiction. The hero of the story and his painful search for a creative upsurge, inspiration. Nature and surrounding people as the cause of the creative impulse.
Theory. Idea and its implementation in a work of art.
. What do horses cry about? Aesthetic, moral and environmental issues raised by the writer in the story. Ryzhukha and her dialogue with the narrator-author. The logic of history and development of relations between nature and man.
Theory. Plot and allegorical characters.
. "Incomparable Tips". A vaudeville solution to the problem of choosing a vocation. Tips, Eduardov and other heroes. Psychological accuracy and humor of the dialogues. The skill of remarks. Serious problems in the fun genre. The idea of an unfinished vaudeville.
Theory. Vaudeville.
From the history of the essay. The birth of a genre. The popularity of the genre in modern literature. "Joy of creativity".
Theory. Essay.
The Great Patriotic War in fiction.
Lyric poem. Poem. Song. Feature article. Novella. Story. Tale. Novel. The novel is epic. A general overview of the wealth of genres through which the theme of war has been revealed over the decades (repetition with the involvement of previously studied works).
. "Russian character". Events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War in the story. The theme of patriotism.
. "They fought for the Motherland" (fragments). Battles in the first months of the war. The tragic events of the retreat of the army. Episodes of battles in the southern steppes of the country. Fortitude and heroism of the participants in the battles.
Theory. Living response of art to the events of the war.
. "French Lessons". Difficult years in the life of the country during the war years. The curiosity of a young hero. The warmth of the teacher, her ability to help the student. The meaning of the title of the story. The humanism of the story.
Theory. War in the pages of post-war prose.
Fantasy genres.
R. Sheckley "The Smell of Thought". Short story genre in science fiction literature. The story "The smell of thought." The hero is Leroy Cleavey and the inhabitants of the planet Z - M - 22. which helped the hero of the story to escape. Types of communications and telepathy. Features of humor in a fantastic work.
Theory. genres of science fiction.
Genres of detective fiction.
Reader of classics and reader of detective story. Features of the works of the detective genre
A. Conan Doyle. "Dancing Men". Conan Doyle and his hero Sherlock Holmes as assessed by 19th and 20th century readers. Features of the composition of short stories about Holmes. The plot of the "Dancing Men" and the characters of the novel. The reasons for the creative longevity of the hero of Doyle's short stories.
Theory. Novella.
From the history of parody. Parody as a genre of critical satirical literature. Parody and its role in the history of literature. Parody in the literature of different eras (from antiquity to the present day). Kozma Prutkov and his "creativity". Modern parody. Parody and caricature. Parody and cartoon.
Theory. Parody. Feuilleton. Caricature. Caricature.
Results.
Methodology. An overview of the works of various kinds and genres studied in grades 5-7, showing the diversity of life and the richness of forms of its reflection in art.
The student must know:
main theoretical concepts provided by the program, and their compliance with the characteristics of the genre and genre of the work:
create creative work, contributing to the mastery of the genres of oral and written speech;
distinguish poetic speech and its features, syllabo-tonic verse from tonic;
to involve information on the theory of literature in the process of discussing and evaluating both the studied and independently read works:
work with reference materials, including encyclopedic editions:
discover the connection between various types arts and use their comparison, taking into account the genre of compared works.
Grade: 7
Test №1"Creativity of A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, N.V. Gogol."
List of works:
1. Pushkin A.S. "Elegy", "To the Portrait of Zhukovsky", "K ***", the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman", the novel "Dubrovsky" (abridged).
2. Lermontov M.Yu. "The Death of a Poet", "Elegy", "Song", "Stans", "Duma", the poem "Mtsyri".
3. Gogol N.V. Comedy "The Inspector".
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin (1799 - 1837).
1. Wealth of themes and variety of genres. Lyric genres. Emotional brightness and perfection of the form of the poet's lyrical works.
Creative diversity of genera and genres in Pushkin's work:
Lyrics prose drama
t/l genres of the poet's lyrics novel "Dubrovsky" tragedy "Boris Godunov"
The message of "The Tale of Belkin" "Little Tragedies"
elegy t/l epic genres
stanza story
lyrical epic genres
novel in verse "Eugene Onegin".
2. Genres of A.S. Pushkin's prose. Belkin's Tales. The story "The young lady-peasant". The heroine of the story is Lisa (Betsy).t/l GENRES OF EPOS (see #1)
"Tales of Belkin":
1) "Shot",
2) "Snowstorm", publisher
3) "Station master", Ivan Petrovich Belkin
4) "Undertaker",
5) "Young lady-peasant".
D/W Create comparative characteristic two landowners-neighbors: I.P. Berestov and G.I. Muromsky.
3. The plot and its characters. The author and his solution to questions of composition. Story or story?Story or short story? (size and complexity of events)
"Young lady-peasant":
Ivan Petrovich Berestov, Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky (Englishman),
son Alexei AKULINA daughter Liza (Betsy)
(peasant) (noble)
One girl.
4. Unfinished novel "Dubrovsky". The plot features of the unfinished work, which combines the signs of love and social novels. V.Dubrovsky as a romantic hero. Masha. Their environment. The fate of the heroest/l ROMAN
Novel- a great epic work depicting human life. (page 99)
Types of novels:
1) historical,
Love of Masha and Vladimir 2) love,
3) social, novel "Dubrovsky"
Social conflicts 4) philosophical, etc.
Is Vladimir Dubrovsky a romantic hero? gypsy, highlander, rebel?
(2 portraits: Anna Savishna and a policeman)
Masha is an ardent dreamer.
5. The rise of the novel genre. Options. Disputes.
Work with the paragraph of the textbook.
6. From the history of the novel. The rise of the novel genre. A wealth of variants of this genre. Controversy about its role in modern literatureFrom the history of the novel (textbook 98s.)
Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov (1814-1841).
7. Various genres in the poet's work: a wealth of genres of lyrics, lyrical epic works (ballad, poem). The poem "The Death of a Poet" and its role in the fate of the author.
T /l rhyme, Lermontov's "dictionary of rhymes"
The richness of genres of lyrics:
Elegy, song, stanzas...
Composition of the lyric epic poem "The Death of a Poet":
1. Angry denunciation of murder. Satire. Iambic tetrameter. 33 lines.
3. An accusation against the poet's killers, which turns into a curse. Satire. 16 lines.
This poem made Lermontov a famous and disgraced poet (he was sent to the Caucasus, where the war was going on).
t/l RIFMA. "Dictionary of Rhymes" Lermontov.
Rhyme - the same sounding of the endings of lines.
b cross
Lermontov's lyrics are characterized by:
The richness of genres of lyrics,
The theme of loneliness
Romantic feel.
t/l romantic hero
Heroes of the poem:
Mtsyri ("novice")
old monk
Mtsyri and his confession (3 - 26 stanzas):
3-8 confession proper,
9-26 story about three days carried out at will.
CONFESSION:
1. a story about your sins (to the priest);
2. a story about a sore point.
Mtsyri- mountaineer and fighter by nature; all the wealth of his nature was revealed in the wild: love of freedom, thirst for life and struggle, perseverance, unbending willpower, contempt for danger, love for the motherland and its nature.Monastery = Liberty prison
Death Life
When did Mtsyri truly live? (in a monastery or 3 days outside)
V.G. Belinsky: “What a fiery soul, what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this Mtsyri has! This is our beloved ideal of the poet, this is the reflection of his own personality in the poetry of the song.Mtsyri is a romantic hero.Romantic landscape - exotic pictures of the nature of the Caucasus.
LANGUAGE is saturated with epithets, metaphors, comparisons, hyperbole, rhetorical figures.
"Mtsyri" is a romantic poem.
9. The perfection of the poet's verse. Rhyme in lyrics and poetry.A) EPITHETS- figurative definitions.
(deaf stream, greedy hugs, stormy heart);
B) COMPARISON
(slender as a poplar; intertwined like a pair of snakes);
IN) METAPHOR– implicit comparison; figurative meaning words based on similarity.
(he caught lightning with his hand, the bushes whispered);
G) rhetorical figures.
(Oh, as a brother, I would be glad to embrace the storm!
The battle has begun, the mortal battle!)
EPOS LYRICS
The plot is a story about the fate of Mtsyri. Thoughts and feelings of the protagonist.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol (1809 - 1852)
1
0. Comedy "Inspector". The history of comedy. Reflection of Russia of the 19th century in the plot and characters of the comedy. The power of exposing social evil in comedy. Mayor and city officialsN. Khlestakov. Women's images.t/l comedy poster;
features of the reflection of reality in a dramatic work
The Inspector General is a broad picture of the bureaucratic and bureaucratic rule of feudal Russia in the 30s of the 19th century. The plot was suggested by A.S. Pushkin: young man from the capital to provincial town mistook for an auditor; officials of this city give him bribes.t/l POSTER OF COMEDY.
mayor- not stupid, wise by life experience, a convinced bribe taker and embezzler. The goal of his aspirations is "... over time ... to get into the generals." With subordinates, he is rude and despotic. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin– is considered a “freethinker” because he has read several books; disorder in the court; taking bribes with greyhound puppies. Trustee of charitable institutions Strawberry- "a man is fat, but a rogue is thin"; in the hospital "the sick are dropping like flies." Khlopov, superintendent of schools- a timid and intimidated person, not a nobleman. Anna Andreevna and Marya Antonovna- provincial coquettes. Destroying laughter Gogol scourging bureaucracy tsarist Russia (bureaucracy, bribery and embezzlement, sycophancy, low cultural level). Y/N Decide who you think is the main character of the comedy? Prepare a story about this hero. 11. Famous scenes and famous comedy lines. Mastery of composition and speech characteristics. Author's remarks in the play.t/l the structure of a dramatic work and the image of the hero; stage directions in a play as one of the methods of creating an image
Mastery of composition.
In the absence of the protagonist, the bureaucratic mass became such a hero.
Examples of speech characteristics (2 characters).
D / Z "Why do we need comedies?"
12. Gogol about comedy. "Khlestakovshchina". Stage history of comedy (theatre, cinema).Stage history of the comedy "Inspector General" (see appendix).
Gogol about "Inspector":
“In the “inspector” I decided to collect in one heap everything that was bad in Russia, which I then knew, all the injustices that are being done in those places and in those cases where justice is most required of a person, and at one time laugh at everything. »Khlestakov - "without a king in my head", empty man, "he lies with feeling"; his main feature is “the desire to play a role at least one inch higher than the one that is intended for him” - this is the essence of “Khlestakovism”.1. reading a letter about the arrival of the auditor (D1, yavl.1);
2. news about the arrival of the auditor (D1, yavl. 3);
3. Khlestakov's conversation with the mayor in the hotel (D2, yavl. 8);
4. scene of lies (D3, yavl.6-7);
5. officials give bribes (D4, yavl.1-7);
6. reading Khlestakov's letter (D5, yavl.8).
13. RR Performance of selected phenomena and their review (reading Khlestakov's letter).14. Test"Creativity of A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, N.V. Gogol."
